---  
layout: fr  
title: OPENENET-MS01-MoneroSpace-Decentralized-Satellite-Network  
author: OPENENET Team  
date: April 13, 2025  
amount: 30000  
milestones:  
  - name: Satellite Node Hardware Design & Team Formation  
    funds: 7000  
    done: false  
    status: unfinished  
  - name: Radiation-Hardened Node Software Development & Compliance Preparation  
    funds: 8000  
    done: false  
    status: unfinished  
  - name: Satellite Prototype Testing & Spectrum Application  
    funds: 10000  
    done: false  
    status: unfinished  
  - name: Community Testnet Launch & First Deployment  
    funds: 5000  
    done: false  
    status: unfinished  
payouts:  
  - date: 2025-09-30  
    amount: 7000  
  - date: 2026-03-31  
    amount: 8000  
  - date: 2026-09-30  
    amount: 10000  
  - date: 2027-03-31  
    amount: 5000  
---  


# OPENENET-MS01: MoneroSpace Decentralized Satellite Network  

**Proposal ID:** OPENENET-MS01  
- **Project Repository:** [https://git.openenet.cn/MoneroSpace](https://git.openenet.cn/MoneroSpace)  
- **Collaboration Platform:** [https://cloud.openenet.cn/MoneroSpace](https://cloud.openenet.cn/MoneroSpace)  
- **Project funding deadline: December 28, 2035 00:00 (UTC). If the project is not completed after this time, the remaining funds will be handed over to CCS**

## 1. Project Overview  

### 1.1 Core Objectives  
MoneroSpace aims to build a **decentralized censorship-resistant satellite communication network** through open-source hardware and encryption protocols, achieving:  
- **Global Ubiquitous Access**: Providing Monero transaction channels for areas without terrestrial networks (e.g., oceans, polar regions) and censored regions (e.g., Iran, Syria).  
- **Physical-Layer Censorship Resistance**: Bypassing internet blockades using low-earth orbit (LEO) satellites to ensure independent transaction broadcasting.  
- **Community-Driven Ecosystem**: Open-sourcing satellite hardware designs and communication protocols to enable third-party node deployment.  

### 1.2 Core Values  
| Dimension    | Innovation                                                                 | Contribution to Monero Ecosystem                  |  
|--------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------|  
| **Technical** | Laser+RF hybrid communication, radiation-hardened full-node design          | Enhances network redundancy against 51% attacks and geographic blockades |  
| **Compliance**| Neutral-region ground station deployment, ITU spectrum compliance          | Meets data privacy and international telecommunication regulations     |  
| **Economic**  | Satellite node mining incentives, transaction fee sharing model            | Establishes a sustainable decentralized infrastructure economy         |  


## 2. Technical Solution  

### 2.1 Satellite Node Hardware Architecture (3U CubeSat Standard)  

#### 2.1.1 Core Component Specifications  
| Module         | Technical Parameters                                                                 | Radiation/Life Design                          |  
|----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------|  
| **Dimensions/Weight** | 3U (10×10×34cm), 5.2kg (including 200g hydrazine fuel)                              | Carbon fiber frame + aluminum panel (40% reduction in space radiation absorption) |  
| **Power System**  | - Dual-sided gallium arsenide solar panels: 60W peak power (28% efficiency)<br>- Radiation-hardened lithium battery: 25Ah (1000 charge cycles)<br>- Power management: Dynamic allocation (30W operational, 5W standby) | Anti-UV coating on solar panels for aging resistance          |  
| **Computing Unit**| - Processor: 8-core ARM Cortex-A72 (1.5GHz, QML V-level radiation-hardened, SEU flip rate < 0.5 times/year)<br>- Memory: 8GB LPDDR4 (ECC-enabled, operating temp -55°C~+85°C)<br>- Storage: 512GB industrial eMMC (100,000 write cycles, hardware-level wear leveling) | Processor-integrated temperature sensor, automatic downclocking to 1.0GHz above 75°C |  
| **Communication Modules** | **Laser Terminal**:<br>- 1550nm wavelength, 500km range, 2.5Gbps rate<br>- QPSK+LDPC error correction (bit error rate < 10^-10)<br>**RF Module**:<br>- Ku band (12-18GHz), DVB-S2X compliant, phased array antenna (30dBi gain) | Laser terminal with micro-propulsion calibration (pointing accuracy ±0.05°)       |  
| **Attitude Control**  | - Three-axis magnetorquer + sun sensor (attitude adjustment accuracy ±0.1°)<br>- Hydrazine micro-thrusters (orbit maintenance, 3-year fuel reserve) | Dual-redundancy control modules (switching time < 30ms)            |  

#### 2.1.2 Hardware Design Resources  
- Motherboard Layout: [https://git.openenet.cn/MoneroSpace/hardware-design/ms01-board-layout.png](https://git.openenet.cn/MoneroSpace/hardware-design/ms01-board-layout.png) (Draft for public review)  
- Antenna Deployment Mechanism: [https://git.openenet.cn/MoneroSpace/hardware-design/antenna-mech.pdf](https://git.openenet.cn/MoneroSpace/hardware-design/antenna-mech.pdf) (Including stress analysis)  


### 2.2 Communication System Design  

#### 2.2.1 Three-Layer Communication Architecture  
```mermaid  
graph TB  
    subgraph User Layer  
        A[User Terminal] -->|UHF 400-470MHz| B[Satellite Node]  
    end  
    subgraph Satellite Layer  
        B -->|Laser 1550nm| C[Neighbor Satellite 1]  
        B -->|Laser 1550nm| D[Neighbor Satellite 2]  
        C -->|Laser 1550nm| E[Ground Station]  
        D -->|S-Band 2-4GHz| E  
    end  
    subgraph Ground Layer  
        E[Neutral Ground Station] -->|Tor Network| F[Monero Mainnet]  
    end  
```  
- **User Access**:  
  - Terminal modification: Compatible with Starlink Dish, integrated with radiation-hardened encryption module (ChaCha20-Poly1305).  
  - Dynamic frequency hopping: 128 frequency points, 10-second interval, with satellite-side frequency prediction (45% improved anti-jamming success rate).  
- **Inter-Satellite Communication**:  
  - Laser link: Randomly selects 2 neighbors for forwarding, adds 30% dummy transactions to obfuscate paths (anonymity set expanded 5x).  
  - RF link: DVB-S2X standard, AES-256-GCM encryption, emergency channel for laser outages (latency < 500ms).  
- **Ground Access**:  
  - Ground stations in Switzerland (Zug) and Iceland (Reykjavik), each with 5 radiation-hardened servers storing Monero full nodes.  
  - Tor integration: 3-hop Tor relay for mainnet access, 99.9% node IP anonymity.  


### 2.3 Monero Node Optimization  

#### 2.3.1 Software Architecture  
- **Core Components**:  
  - Consensus layer: Adapted for RandomX algorithm, allowing satellite nodes to mine (hash rate ≤5% to avoid centralization).  
  - Network layer: Extended Dandelion++ protocol with "space stem phase" (3-5 hop satellite forwarding).  
  - Storage layer: Differential synchronization (stores last 3 years of blocks), cold-hot data separation for radiation-hardened eMMC.  

#### 2.3.2 Performance Metrics  
| Metric         | Satellite Node   | Traditional Ground Node | Advantage                      |  
|--------------|------------------|-----------------------|------------------------------|  
| Transaction Verification Speed | 1500 tx/s        | 800 tx/s              | 87% improvement (NEON acceleration + memory optimization) |  
| Radiation Resistance | 100krad          | Commercial <1krad      | 100x radiation tolerance       |  
| Data Redundancy  | Dual-module backup | Single node           | Failure recovery time <20ms    |  


## 3. Implementation Timeline  

### 3.1 Preparation & Design Phase (2025)  
| Timeframe    | Task                                                                 | Deliverables                      |  
|--------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|  
| **Q2-Q3**    | Form core team (hire aerospace engineers, blockchain developers)       | Team profiles公示 (Nextcloud)      |  
| **Q3**       | Finalize satellite hardware design (CPU/storage/communication选型)     | Hardware design whitepaper (draft) |  
| **Q3**       | Launch Gitea/Nextcloud platforms, open hardware/protocol resources    | Open-source repository initialized  |  
| **Q4**       | Procure radiation-hardened components, begin lab testing              | Material performance report       |  

### 3.2 Development & Compliance Phase (2026)  
| Timeframe    | Task                                                                 | Deliverables                      |  
|--------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|  
| **Q1**       | Complete Monero node optimization code, start radiation software testing| Code repository commit (Gitea)    |  
| **Q2**       | Submit ITU spectrum application (Ku band + laser communication)       | ITU application acceptance number |  
| **Q3**       | Integrate satellite prototype, complete thermal vacuum testing        | Test video (YouTube public)       |  
| **Q4**       | Finalize ground station选址 (Switzerland/Iceland), start compliance audit| Data privacy protection plan      |  

### 3.3 Deployment & Operation Phase (2027)  
| Timeframe    | Task                                                                 | Deliverables                      |  
|--------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|  
| **Q1**       | Launch first tech demo satellite (V1.0, no communication payload)     | In-orbit satellite video          |  
| **Q2**       | Open community testnet, allow developer access to satellite simulations| Testnet documentation (Gitea)     |  
| **Q3**       | Complete laser module integration, launch 3-satellite communication subnet| Star-earth transaction demo (latency <200ms) |  
| **Q4**       | Launch second crowdfunding, deploy 10-satellite network               | Global coverage map (Nextcloud)    |  


## 4. Budget Allocation (XMR)  

### 4.1 Phase 1 Budget (30,000 XMR)  
| Project        | Amount   | Percentage | Detailed Usage                                                          |  
|----------------|----------|------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|  
| **Hardware R&D** | 15,000   | 50%        | 3 satellite prototypes, radiation-hardened chips (BAE RAD750), laser modules |  
| **Software Development** | 8,000    | 27%        | Monero node optimization, laser protocol development, automated testing |  
| **Compliance & Audit** | 4,000     | 13%        | ITU spectrum application (3 satellites), GDPR/FCC compliance certification |  
| **Community Operations** | 2,000    | 7%         | Developer incentives, technical workshops, multilingual documentation |  
| **Contingency** | 1,000     | 3%         | Mitigate launch failures, supply chain delays                          |  

### 4.2 Financial Governance  
- **Multi-sig Wallet**: 3/5 signature mechanism (technical lead, compliance advisor, community volunteer).  
- **Transparency**: Quarterly financial reports with invoices on Nextcloud.  
- **Audit**: Third-party audits for quarterly financial reports (community oversight during preparation).  


## 5. Risk Assessment & Mitigation  

### 5.1 Technical Risks  
| Risk           | Scenario                                                                 | Mitigation                                  |  
|----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|  
| Laser Link Failure | Satellite attitude adjustment or cloud obstruction                      | 1. Activate S-band RF backup link<br>2. Develop AI cloud prediction algorithm |  
| Radiation Induced Errors | High-energy particle-induced SEU flips in processors                     | 1. Triple-module redundancy for critical code<br>2. Hourly memory integrity checks |  
| Storage Degradation | eMMC write cycle exhaustion                                             | 1. Cold-hot data separation<br>2. Dynamic address mapping algorithm        |  

### 5.2 Compliance Risks  
| Risk           | Scenario                                                                 | Mitigation                                  |  
|----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|  
| Spectrum Denial  | ITU rejection of requested frequency bands                              | 1. Apply for backup bands (e.g., Ka band)<br>2. Participate in WRC-2027 spectrum negotiations |  
| Data Cross-Border | GDPR violations in ground station data storage                         | 1. Localized data storage (Switzerland/Iceland)<br>2. Privacy-enhanced computation (PEP) |  

### 5.3 Financial Risks  
| Risk           | Scenario                                                                 | Mitigation                                  |  
|----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|  
| Funding Shortfall| Insufficient community contributions                                   | 1. Open corporate sponsorship (satellite naming rights)<br>2. Pre-sell node DIY kits |  
| Cost Overrun     | Radiation-hardened chip price fluctuations                              | 1. Fixed-price agreements with suppliers<br>2. Develop FPGA alternative solutions |  


## 6. Community Engagement Plan  

### 6.1 Open-Source Collaboration  
- **Hardware Design**: All CAD drawings and BOM lists open-sourced on Gitea (CERN-OHL protocol), allowing third-party modification.  
  - Example: [https://git.openenet.cn/MoneroSpace/hardware-design/ms01-bom.xlsx](https://git.openenet.cn/MoneroSpace/hardware-design/ms01-bom.xlsx) (Draft for public review)  
- **Protocol Development**: Laser communication code under MIT protocol, welcoming Pull Requests.  
  - Repository: [https://git.openenet.cn/MoneroSpace/laser-protocol](https://git.openenet.cn/MoneroSpace/laser-protocol) (Under development)  

### 6.2 Incentive Mechanism  
| Contribution Type | Reward                                                                 | Application Channel               |  
|-------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|  
| Code Submission   | 0.1 XMR/valid line (core protocol), 0.05 XMR/valid line (tools)         | Gitea Issue tagged #code-bounty    |  
| Hardware Modification | 0.05% transaction fee sharing after node deployment (compliance-reviewed)  | Nextcloud form submission         |  
| Documentation Translation | 0.01 XMR/word (technical whitepaper), 0.005 XMR/word (user guide)       | Email to translator@openenet.cn    |  

### 6.3 Transparency Assurance  
- **Progress Tracking**: Real-time development status on Gitea kanban: [https://git.openenet.cn/MoneroSpace/kanban](https://git.openenet.cn/MoneroSpace/kanban)  
- **Community Oversight**: Dedicated discussion forum (Monero Forum #OPENENET-MS01), weekly online Q&A sessions.  


## 7. Proposer Information (Preparation Phase)  

### 7.1 Current Status  
- **Community Certification**: Applying for Monero Community Developer Certification (MCC), expected completion Q3 2025.  
- **Collaboration Platforms**: Gitea/Nextcloud ready, welcome collaborator applications (send resumes to dev@openenet.cn).  
- **Communication Channels**:  
  - Email: admin@openenet.cn  
  - Forum: [https://forum.getmonero.org/u/OPENENET-Tech](https://forum.getmonero.org/u/OPENENET-Tech) (Preparation-phase account)  


## 8. Appendices (Upcoming Releases)  
1. **Forthcoming Resources**  
   - 《Satellite Node Radiation-Hardened Design Whitepaper》 (Q4 2025)  
   - 《Laser Communication Protocol Technical Report》 (Q1 2026)  
   - 《ITU Spectrum Application Progress公示》 (Q2 2026)  
2. **Existing Resources**  
   - Gitea Repository: [https://git.openenet.cn/MoneroSpace](https://git.openenet.cn/MoneroSpace) (Hardware templates, protocol frameworks)  
   - Nextcloud Space: [https://cloud.openenet.cn/MoneroSpace](https://cloud.openenet.cn/MoneroSpace) (Collaboration access available upon request)  


## 9. Conclusion  
The MoneroSpace project focuses on **open-source collaboration** to fill the gap in Monero's physical-layer censorship resistance. Despite preparation-phase challenges, our transparent development process, community-driven incentives, and robust technical solutions aim to build a decentralized satellite communication infrastructure.  


We welcome your support and participation in bringing censorship-resistant communication to the next dimension for the Monero network!  
**Proposal expiration date: December 28, 2030 00:00 (UTC)**
**Proposer**: OPENENET Team  
**Date**: April 13, 2025